|
【范围】
|
To ensure success in design of elastomeric parts for use at low temperature, the design
engineer must understand the peculiar properties of rubber materials at these temperatures.
There are no static applications of rubber. The Gaussian theory of rubber elasticity
demonstrates that the elastic characteristic of rubber is due to approximately 15% internal
energy and the balance, 85%, is entropy change. In other words, when an elastomer is
deformed, the elastomer chain network is forced to rearrange its configuration thereby
storing energy through entropy change. Thermodynamically, this means that rubber
elasticity is time and temperature dependent (Reference 25).
The purpose of this report is to provide guidance on low temperature properties of rubber
with the terminology, test methods, and mathematical models applicable to rubber, and to
present some practical experience. In this way, it is hoped that mistakes can be avoided,
particularly in selection of rubber materials, enabling the design engineer to weigh low-
temperature material properties together with the many other factors involved in the design
process.strRefField
|